Trump Fulfills Another Campaign Pledge with Much Better Trade Deal with Canada and Mexico

He's already had enormous success in negotiating trade deals. This sets the stage for a better deal with the European Union, China and Japan!

USMCA is a great deal for all three countries, solves the many deficiencies and mistakes in NAFTA, greatly opens markets to our farmers and manufacturers, reduces trade barriers to the U.S. and will bring all three Great Nations together in competition with the rest of the world.
President Donald J. Trump

President Donald J. Trump, joined by Cabinet members, legislators and senior White House advisers, announces completion of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Monday, Oct. 1, 2018, during a press conference in the Rose Garden of the White House. 

Details:

On Sunday, September 30, 2018, The United States Reached A Significantly Revised North American Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico. "On Sunday night, President Trump got his wish for a significantly revised North American trade deal. After more than a year of intense negotiations, the United States, Canada and Mexico reached an agreement to update the North American Free Trade Agreement, the 1994 pact that governs more than $1.2 trillion worth of trade among the three nations." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In I,." The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

The New Deal Will Be Known As The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Or USMCA. "New name: Goodbye NAFTA. The new deal will be known as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement or USMCA. Trump, who had long disdained NAFTA, had suggested he might call it the "USMC," in honor of the U.S. Marine Corps, but in the end, USMCA won out." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

THE USMCA MODERNIZES NAFTA AND INCLUDES PROTECTIONS FOR THE DIGITAL MARKETPLACE, LABOR, AND AUTOMOBILES, AND INCREASED ACCESSED FOR U.S. DAIRY

While The Old NAFTA Deal Allowed For Leeway On Automobiles Manufactured In North America, The USMCA Requires That Cars Or Trucks Must Have 75% Of Their Components Manufactured In Canada, Mexico Or The U.S. To Qualify For Zero Tariffs

Under The Current NAFTA Agreement, Cars Or Trucks Manufactured In Canada, Mexico, Or The United States Are Required To Have 62.5% Of Their Components Manufactured In North America To Qualify For Zero Tariff Treatment. "Starting in 2020, to qualify for zero tariffs, a car or truck must have 75 percent of its components manufactured in Canada, Mexico or the United States, a substantial boost from the current 62.5 percent requirement." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

Starting In 2020, Under The USMCA, To Qualify For Zero Tariffs, A Car Or Truck Must Have 75% Of Its Components Manufactured In Canada, Mexico, Or The U.S., "A Substantial Boost" From NAFTA's Old Requirements . "Starting in 2020, to qualify for zero tariffs, a car or truck must have 75 percent of its components manufactured in Canada, Mexico or the United States, a substantial boost from the current 62.5 percent requirement." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

USMCA Requires That 40% Of Work Done On A Vehicle Must Be Completed By Workers Earning At Least $16 Dollars An Hour

The USMCA Includes A New Rule That A Significant Percentage Of The Work Done On The Car Must Be Completed By Workers Earning At Least $16 Dollars An Hour. "There's also a new rule that a significant percentage of the work done on the car must be completed by workers earning at least $16 an hour, or about three times what the typical Mexican autoworker makes." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

Starting In 2020, Cars And Trucks Should Have At Least 30% Of the Work On Their Vehicle Done By Workers Earning $16 Dollars An Hour, A Figure That Moves Up To 40% By 2023. "Starting in 2020, cars and trucks should have at least 30 percent of the work on the vehicle done by workers earning $16 an hour. That gradually moves up to 40 percent for cars by 2023." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

While The Old NAFTA Deal Allowed Canada To Implement Strict Protections Of Its Dairy Industry, In The USMCA, Canada Has Agreed To Loosen Its Dairy Protections Which Will Allow For More U.S. Imports

Under NAFTA, The Canadian Government Restricted How Much Foreign Dairy Can Enter The Country In Order To Keep Milk Prices High. "To ensure Canadian dairy farmers don't go bankrupt, the Canadian government restricts how much dairy can be produced in the country and how much foreign dairy can enter to keep milk prices high. Trump didn't like that, and dairy was a major sticking point in the negotiations." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

Under The USMCA, Canada Agreed To Eliminate The Pricing Scheme For Its Class 7 Dairy Products, "Giving Greater Market Share To U.S. Dairy Farmers." "In the end, Canada is keeping most of its complex system in place, but it is giving greater market share to U.S. dairy farmers. U.S. negotiators say they got a major victory by forcing Canada to eliminate the pricing scheme for what are known as 'Class 7' dairy products." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

Now, Under The USMCA, U.S. Dairy Farmers Can Export Larger Amounts Of Milk Protein Concentrate, Skim Milk Powder And Infant Formula To Canada. "That means U.S. dairy farmers can likely send a lot more milk protein concentrate, skim milk powder and infant formula to Canada (and those products are relatively easy to transport and store)." (Heather Long, "U.S., Canada And Mexico Just Reached A Sweeping New NAFTA Deal. Here's What's In It," The Washington Post , 10/1/18)

The USMCA Agreement Incorporates Many New Provisions Relating To Enforcing And Protecting Digital Trade And Intellectual Property

The USMCA Includes Provisions Aimed At "Modernizing" The NAFTA Pact. "And while crafting the new Nafta in a way to try to draw labor support, the Trump administration has also written a deal highly appealing to many business groups, especially in the provisions aimed at 'modernizing' the pact that hasn't been amended since it took effect in 1994." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New NAFTA Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

USMCA Strengthens Digital Protections Originally Formulated In TPP. "Yet the new Nafta not only replicates many of the TPP digital chapters, but strengthens them. A key demand for the financial-services industry during the TPP negotiations was a provision banning 'data localization' requirements by countries that force global banks to keep servers in each country where they do business, raising costs and lowering efficiency." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

• USCMA Includes Stronger Protections For Intellectual Property, Raising TPP's "Weak [Five Year Exclusivity] Protection" Of Intellectual Property To Ten Years. "Some pharmaceutical companies and their political backers were similarly disappointed with what they considered TPP's weak protection for their intellectual property, complaining that the pact provided biologics with as little as five years of exclusivity. The new Nafta gives them 10 years." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)
• USMCA Offers Intermediary Liability Protection For Internet And Cloud-Computing Companies. "Internet and cloud-computing companies complained that TPP didn't offer them 'intermediary liability protection' from unlawful content placed by users. The revised Nafta does." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

Technology Executives Advising The Office Of The USTR Said The USMCA "Establishes New Trade Commitments…To Facilitate the Growth Of The Global Digital Economy" That "Go Far Beyond The Scope Of The Original NAFTA." "A committee of technology executives advising the U.S. trade representative's office issued an analysis of the new Nafta draft, saying they supported the pact 'because it establishes new trade commitments…to facilitate growth of the global digital economy,' adding that' "these go far beyond the scope of the original Nafta.'" (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

The Information Technology Industry Council: "We're Encouraged This Plan Will Build Upon The Prior Economic Success Of NAFTA And Adapt It To The Fundamentally Digital Economy In Which We Live Through New Rules On Digital Trade, Intellectual Property, And Trade In Goods." "Information Technology Industry Council: 'Today's trilateral agreement is a significant step toward creating a foundation for North America's economic prosperity for years to come," said Dean Garfield, the council's CEO. "While we are still reviewing text, we're encouraged this plan will build upon the prior economic success of NAFTA and adapt it to the fundamentally digital economy in which we live through new rules on digital trade, intellectual property, and trade in goods.'" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

USMCA IS BEING CALLED A "BIG WIN" FOR AUTOMAKERS, LABOR, AND DAIRY FARMERS

Praise For The New Trade Agreement Has Rolled In, With Pundits And Experts Calling It A "Big Victory" For The President

Reuters : "In Trump Win, Canada, U.S. Deal Saves NAFTA As Trilateral Pact" (David Ljunnggren and Roberta Rampton, "In Trump Win, Canada, U.S. Deal Saves NAFTA As Trilateral Pact," Reuters , 9/30/18)

The Wall Street Journal : "U.S. Auto Makers Get Big Win From Pact" (Chester Dawson, "U.S. Auto Makers Get Big Win From Pact," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

Business Insider: "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

The New York Times : "The Deal Represents A Win For President Trump." "The deal represents a win for President Trump, who has derided Nafta for years and threatened to pull the United States from the pact if it was not rewritten in America's favor. Overhauling trade deals has been one of Mr. Trump's top priorities as president and he has used tariffs and other threats to try and force trading partners to rewrite agreements in America's favor." (Alan Rappeport, "U.S. And Canada Reach Trade Deal To Salvage NAFTA," The New York Times , 10/1/18)

Reuters Called The Deal "A Big Victory" For The Trump Administration's Agenda."In a big victory for his agenda to shake-up an era of global free trade that many associate with the signing of NAFTA in 1994, President Donald Trump coerced Canada and Mexico to accept more restrictive commerce with their main export partner." (David Ljunnggren and Roberta Rampton, "In Trump Win, Canada, U.S. Deal Saves NAFTA As Trilateral Pact," Reuters , 9/30/18)

• "The News Delighted Financial Markets." "The news delighted financial markets that had fretted for months about the potential economic damage if NAFTA blew up. U.S. stock index futures rose, with S&P 500 Index e-mini futures up more than 0.5 percent, suggesting the benchmark index would open near a record on Monday." (David Ljunnggren, Roberta Rampton, "In Trump Win, Canada, U.S. Deal Saves NAFTA As Trilateral Pact," Reuters , 9/30/18)

CNN'S Alisyn Camerota: "It's A Big Win For President Trump's Trade Agenda."CNN'S ALISYN CAMEROTA: "And we have breaking news. The U.S. and Canada reaching a last-minute deal to resize NAFTA. It's a big win for president trump's trade agenda, and Christine Romans is in the money center with more." (CNN's "New Day," 10/1/18)

White House Reporter Geoff Bennett On Trump's USMCA Deal: "Big Win," "Promise Made, Promise Kept," "Opens Canada Up To Farmers." MSNBC's HALLIE JACKSON: "I imagine the President is going to want to take a victory lap here, but there' still a question of the details in this thing and what it will really mean, for instance, for U.S. dairy farmers?" NPR WHITE HOUSE REPORTER GEOFF BENNETT: "'Yea, here's the thing Hallie, in reading through some of this agreement, it is really more of an update than it is a substantial rewrite of the 24 year old North American Free Trade Agreement. But look, details, details. Make no mistake, this is a big political win for President Trump. It's a promise made, promise kept. He is feeling good about it, he's going to talk about it, of course, in this upcoming Rose Garden event, but he's also been tweeting about but yea. I think the topline take-away is that this opens Canada up to farmers. Farmers who frankly have been feeling the heat of the China tariffs so this is a big win for Wisconsin. Wisconsin helped deliver the White House to President Trump. There are also major changes for auto production. There's a special dispute process, something known as Chapter 19. The U.S. view is that it's an affront to U.S. sovereignty. Canada wanted that provision, so they get to keep it. And then you see on this graphic here, increased intellectual property protections. The new IP chapter of this agreement is something like 63 pages." (MSNBC's "MSNBC Live," 10/1/18)

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CNBC's Brian Sullivan: "Automakers Are A Win, The Dairy Farmers Are Going To Be Happy, The State Of Wisconsin, Important To The Election In 2020, The Midterms, They're No Doubt Going To Be Happy." CNBC's BRIAN SULLIVAN: "Maybe you should call this milk money because Wisconsin helped deliver the Presidency to Donald Trump and Donald Trump is really making the move here to help Wisconsin dairy farmers. Very heavy dairy farmer state which is hard up against the Canadian border as well above Lake Superior so they'll be able to export and sell more milk. More manufacturing jobs hopefully in this country for cars, the auto industry loves it because they're not going to lose those valuable supply chains. GM makes a lot of cars in Canada, those stocks are rallying." MSNBC's STEPHANIE RUHLE: "To give anything up?" SULLIVAN: "Trade dispute authority, there's some of this, that, the other thing. The whole text if you go through it, it's monstrous, literally talked about no tariffs among emus and apparent apparently some kind of whale. Automakers are a win, the dairy farmers are going to be happy. The state of Wisconsin important to the election in 2020, the midterms. They're no doubt going to be happy." (MSNBC's "MSNBC Live," 10/1/18)

Jesus Seade, The NAFTA Negotiator For Mexican President-Elect Andres Manuel López Obrador: "Nafta 2 Will Give Certainty And Stability To Trade." "Jesus Seade, the Nafta negotiator for Mexican President-elect Andres Manuel López Obrador, said 'Nafta 2 will give certainty and stability to trade.'" (Jenny Leonard, Josh Wingrove, Jennifer Jacobs, And Andrew Mayeda, "Trump Clinches Rebranded NAFTA As Canada Joins Pact With Mexico," Bloomberg , 9/30/18)

Politicians Are Praising The New Agreement Calling It "Encouraging" And An "Impressive" Modernization Of NAFTA

Senator Sherrod Brown (D-OH) Called The USMCA An Important First Step And Said He Was "Glad All Three Countries Reached Agreement. "This is an important first step, and I'm glad all three countries reached agreement. We still have more work ahead before anything is final. My priority is to stop outsourcing and that's what I'm looking for as I read the NAFTA text. -SB." (Sen. Sherrod Brown, Twitter Feed , 10/1/18)

Senator Amy Klobuchar (D-MN): "As Dem Chair Of US/Canada Senate Group, I'm Glad MN's Number One Trading Partner Canada Is Back In The Mix." "As Dem Chair of US/Canada senate group, I'm glad MN's number one trading partner Canada is back in the mix. Looking forward to reviewing terms. In Minnesota we can see Canada from our porch." (Sen. Amy Klobuchar, Twitter Feed , 10/1/18)

Rep. Vincente Gonzalez (D-TX): "I Am Pleased To See The U.S., Canada, And Mexico Come To An Agreement On How To Update NAFTA." "I am pleased to see the U.S., Canada, and Mexico come to an agreement on how to update NAFTA. I look forward to analyzing the text of #USMCA and bringing certainty and opportunity to farm operators, energy producers, workers, and small businesses in #TX15." (Rep. Vincente Gonzalez, Twitter Feed, 10/1/18)

Senator Orrin Hatch (R-UT): "I Am Pleased That The Trump Administration Was Able To Strike A Deal To Modernize NAFTA With Both Mexico And Canada." "'I am pleased that the Trump administration was able to strike a deal to modernize NAFTA with both Mexico and Canada," Hatch said. "NAFTA is a proven success for the United States, supporting more than 2 million American manufacturing jobs and boosting agricultural exports to Canada and Mexico by 350%. Maintaining a trilateral North American deal is an important prerequisite to preserving and extending those gains and the Trump administration has achieved that goal.'" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

Senator Majority Whip John Cornyn (R-TX): "I'm Encouraged That The United States, Mexico, And Canada Have Successfully Come To A Trilateral Agreement To Modernize NAFTA." "'I'm encouraged that the United States, Mexico, and Canada have successfully come to a trilateral agreement to modernize NAFTA,' Cornyn said. 'Millions of American jobs are supported by NAFTA, and in Texas, it's the cornerstone of our economy. This agreement is a positive step toward to maintaining a strong, unified North American economy, and I look forward to reviewing the details.'" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise,"Business Insider , 10/1/18)

House Majority Whip Steve Scalise (R-LA): "I Applaud President Trump For This Impressive New Agreement With Canada." "House Majority Whip Steve Scalise: 'I applaud President Trump for this impressive new agreement with Canada,' Scalise said. 'While many in Washington claimed it could not be done, President Trump worked tirelessly to bring Canada to the table and negotiate a new trade deal that is better for American workers and consumers.'" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

Chair Of The House Ways And Means Committee, Representative Kevin Brady (R-TX): This "Trilateral Agreement To Update And Modernize NAFTA For The 21stCentury Can Be A Big Win For America's Workers, Farmers, and Ranchers." "'This important and welcome announcement that the United States, Mexico, and Canada have reached a trilateral agreement to update and modernize NAFTA for the 21st century can be a big win for America's workers, farmers, and ranchers,' Brady said." (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

Businesses And Manufacturers Have Praised The USMCA, Calling It A "Welcome Announcement" And "Highly Appealing

U.S. Chamber Of Commerce CEO Thomas Donohue: "We Welcome The Announcement That Negotiators Have Reached A Deal To Modernize NAFTA.""'We welcome the announcement that negotiators have reached a deal to modernize NAFTA,' said CEO Thomas Donohue. 'We look forward to reviewing the details with our members to determine next steps, and we commend the negotiators for their commitment to finding a path forward that includes the US, Mexico, and Canada.'" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

National Retail Federation CEO, Matthew Shay: The Administration "Should Be Applauded For Months Of Hard Work Aimed At Modernizing NAFTA For The 21stCentury - A Goal Retailers Have Shared From The Start." "The administration, as well as officials from Canada and Mexico, should be applauded for months of hard work aimed at modernizing NAFTA for the 21st century - a goal retailers have shared from the start." (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

Business Roundtable: "Business Roundtable Is Encouraged That The Administration Has Struck A Deal With Canada And Mexico On Updating NAFTA, Maintaining Its Trilateral Structure That Is Critical For North American Supply Chains." "Business Roundtable: 'Business Roundtable is encouraged that the Administration has struck a deal with Canada and Mexico on updating NAFTA, maintaining its trilateral structure that is critical for North American supply chains,' the group representing American CEOs said in a statement. 'Business Roundtable has shared the Administration's goal of modernizing and strengthening the agreement in ways that expand economic opportunity, create US jobs, and increase the competitiveness of US companies.'" (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

Jay Timmons, President Of The National Association Of Manufacturers: "Manufacturers Are Extremely Encouraged That Our Call For A Trilateral Agreement Between The United States, Canada And Mexico Has Been Answered." "'Manufacturers are extremely encouraged that our call for a trilateral agreement between the United States, Canada and Mexico has been answered' Jay Timmons, president of the National Association of Manufacturers." (Alan Rappeport, "U.S. And Canada Reach Trade Deal To Salvage NAFTA," The New York Times , 10/1/18)

The WSJ : The Trump Administration Has "Written A Deal Highly Appealing To Many Business Groups, Especially In The Provisions Aimed At 'Modernizing' The Pact That Hasn't Been Amended Since It Took Effect In 1994." "And while crafting the new Nafta in a way to try to draw labor support, the Trump administration has also written a deal highly appealing to many business groups, especially in the provisions aimed at 'modernizing' the pact that hasn't been amended since it took effect in 1994." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

General Motors Said They Were "Pleased" That The U.S. Had Reached An Agreement With Canada And Mexico And Called The Agreement "Vital To The Success Of The North American Auto Industry." "General Motors is pleased that the United States, Canada and Mexico have worked together to reach an agreement in principle. This agreement is vital to the success of the North American auto industry; we have long supported efforts to modernize it in a way that strengthens the industry and positions it for long term success. We appreciate the negotiating parties for engaging the industry stakeholders and look forward to continued collaboration as the agreement is implemented." (Carl Quintanilla, Twitter Feed, 10/1/18)

Americans For Farmers & Families: "This Announcement Means That We Will Soon Have The Certainty We Need To Continue Feeding Our Own And Families Around The World." "Americans For Farmers & Families: 'Whether you breed cattle in Missouri like my family, raise hogs in North Carolina, grow corn in Iowa or simply shop at a local grocery store in New York, this announcement means that we will soon have the certainty we need to continue feeding our own and families around the world,' said Casey Guernsey, a farmer and AFF representative." (Bob Bryan, "Trump's New Trade Deal With Canada And Mexico Is Winning Early Praise," Business Insider , 10/1/18)

Labor Leaders Have Lauded The USMCA Saying The New Deal Includes Some Important And Long Advocated Improvements

The New Deal Has Received "Some Surprising Quick Praise From Longtime Free-Trade Critics Skeptical Of New Trade Agreements." "But the pact did get some surprising quick praise from some longtime free-trade critics generally skeptical of new trade agreements." (Jacob M. Schlesinger, Kim Mackrael, and Vivian Salama, "U.S. and Canada Reach NAFTA Deal, The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

• Lori Wallach, From The Left Leaning Public Citizen: "The New Deal Includes Some Important Improvements Which We Have Long Advocated." "'The new deal includes some important improvements which we have long advocated,' Lori Wallach, from the left-leaning Public Citizen and an influential leader in the anti-globalization movement over the past two decades, said in a statement." (Jacob M. Schlesinger, Kim Mackrael, and Vivian Salama, "U.S. and Canada Reach NAFTA Deal, The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

The WSJ : "Many Labor Officials Say They've Been Pleasantly Surprised With Strong Language In The Agreement" "Many labor officials say they've been pleasantly surprised with strong language in the agreement pushing Mexico to bolster its unions, including protecting 'the right to strike.'" (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)

• Teamsters President Jim Hoffa: "We…Note With Approval The Considerable Progress On Workers' Rights." "'We…note with approval the considerable progress on workers' rights,' Teamsters General President Jim Hoffa said in a statement, calling them 'superior to the original Nafta, and also to the Trans-Pacific Partnership' negotiated by President Obama." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)
• The WSJ: "Still, The American Labor Community's Initial Response To The Revised NAFTA Is Considerably More Positive Than How They've Judged Virtually Every Other Trade Pact Over The Past Quarter-Century." "Still, the American labor community's initial response to the revised Nafta is considerably more positive than how they've judged virtually every other trade pact over the past quarter-century." (Jacob Schlesinger, "New Nafta Shows Trump's Trade Strategy for Balancing Labor, Business Interests," The Wall Street Journal , 10/1/18)